What is Spanning Tree Protocol?

Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is a Layer 2 network protocol used to prevent looping within a network topology. STP was created to avoid the problems that arise when computers exchange data on a local area network (LAN) that contains redundant paths.

What are the 4 states of the Spanning Tree Protocol?

STP Port States Blocking – When a device is connected, the port will first enter the blocking state. Listening -The switch will listen for and send BPDUs. Learning – The switch will receive a superior BPDU, will stop sending its own BPDUs, and will relay the superior BPDUs. Forwarding – The port is forwarding traffic.

What is the difference between STP & RSTP?

STP has three port roles (i.e., Root Port, Designated Port, Blocked Port). RSTP has four-port roles (i.e., Root Port, Designated Port, Alternate Port, Backup Port). 4. STP has five port states (i.e., Forwarding, Learning, Listening, Blocking, Disabled).

What are the five Spanning Tree Protocol states?

There are five Spanning Tree Port States :

  • Blocking State : Switch port enters the blocking state at time of election process, when a switch receives a BPDU on a port that indicates a better path to the Root Switch or if a port is not a Root Port.
  • Listening State :
  • Learning State :
  • Forwarding State :
  • Disabled State :

What is spanning tree with example?

A minimum spanning tree is a special kind of tree that minimizes the lengths (or “weights”) of the edges of the tree. An example is a cable company wanting to lay line to multiple neighborhoods; by minimizing the amount of cable laid, the cable company will save money. A tree has one path joins any two vertices.

Why is Spanning Tree Protocol necessary?

The need for the Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) arose because switches in local area networks (LANs) are often interconnected using redundant links to improve resilience should one connection fail. However, this connection configuration creates a switching loop resulting in broadcast radiations and MAC table instability.

Why RSTP is faster than STP?

RSTP converges faster because it uses a handshake mechanism based on point-to-point links instead of the timer-based process used by STP. For networks with virtual LANs (VLANs), you can use VLAN Spanning Tree Protocol (VSTP), which takes the paths of each VLAN into account when calculating routes.

What is difference between MSTP and RSTP?

RSTP provides rapid convergence of the spanning tree. MSTP, which uses RSTP to provide rapid convergence, enables VLANs to be grouped into a spanning-tree instance, provides for multiple forwarding paths for data traffic, and enables load balancing.

How is spanning tree implemented?

The spanning tree does not have any cycle (loops). Removing one edge from the spanning tree will make the graph disconnected, i.e. the spanning tree is minimally connected. Adding one edge to the spanning tree will create a circuit or loop, i.e. the spanning tree is maximally acyclic.