What is the innervation of the fibrous pericardium?

The fibrous pericardium and serous pericardium are innervated by the phrenic nerve, which is derived primarily from cervical nerve 4 but also has contributions from the 3 and 5. Due to its origin, pericarditis and other cardiac complications can cause referred pain to the shoulder.

What Innervates the visceral pericardium?

Innervation. Parietal pericardium receives general sensory innervation from the phrenic nerve; visceral pericardium receives visceral sensory innervation from sympathetic nerves (to T1–T4 spinal cord levels) and vagus nerves (to medulla oblongata).

What is the function of the fibrous pericardium?

Fibrous pericardium is the outer layer. It’s made from thick connective tissue and is attached to your diaphragm. It holds your heart in place in the chest cavity and protects from infections.

What are the characteristics of fibrous pericardium?

Description. The fibrous pericardium is the most superficial layer of the pericardium. It is made up of dense, and loose connective tissue which acts to protect the heart, anchoring it to the surrounding walls, and preventing it from overfilling with blood.

What specific areas of the heart are innervated by sympathetic nerves?

Sympathetic efferent nerves are present throughout the atria (especially in the SA node) and ventricles, including the conduction system of the heart.

What Innervates the parietal peritoneum?

The parietal peritoneum (green) is innervated by somatic and visceral afferent nerves and receives sensitive branches from the lower intercostal nerves and from the upper lumbar nerves. The diaphragm is innervated by the phrenic nerves (center) and by the lower intercostal nerves (periphery).

Where is the fibrous pericardium?

human cardiovascular system. … portion of the sac, or fibrous pericardium, is firmly attached to the diaphragm below, the mediastinal pleura on the side, and the sternum in front. It gradually blends with the coverings of the superior vena cava and the pulmonary (lung) arteries and veins leading to and from the heart.

What is fibrous pericardium in anatomy?

The fibrous pericardium is a conical-shaped sac. Its apex is fused with the roots of the great vessels at the base of the heart. Its broad base overlies the central fibrous area of the diaphragm with which it is fused.

What is another name for fibrous pericardium?

Pericardial Disease and Effusion The pericardium is a double-wall sac consisting of the outer, fibrous pericardium and the inner, serous or visceral pericardium, also known as the epicardium, which comes into contact with the myocardium.

What is fibrinous pericarditis?

Fibrinous pericarditis is an inflammatory process involving the pericardium, leading to a rough and granular appearance with numerous fibrous adhesions 4.

Does the pericardium have pain receptors?

The visceral pericardium is insensitive; therefore, the pain from the pericardium originates in the parietal layer only and is transmitted by the phrenic nerve.

What nerves supply sympathetic fibers?

Sympathetic innervation Fibres from the sympathetic trunk reach the cardiac plexus via cardiac nerves. The preganglionic fibres branch from the upper thoracic spinal cord and synapse in the lower cervical and upper thoracic ganglia. Postganglionic fibres extend from the ganglia to the cardiac plexus.