What is the most common cause of pneumothorax in patients tuberculosis?
What is the most common cause of pneumothorax in patients tuberculosis?
Pneumothorax is one of the important TB complications that requires surgery. Pneumothorax secondary to TB usually occurs after extensive TB involvement of the lung, and the sudden onset of bronchopleural fistulization and empyema12 with severe cavitary formations or occasionally with miliary TB.
How does TB cause pneumothorax?
Tuberculosis (TB) is a long-recognized and well-documented cause of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax,1,2 with an incidence of approximately 5% in postprimary (pulmonary) TB patients. Pleural infection results from rupture of subpleural caseous lesions, resulting in accumulation of a chronic empyema.
What can cause pneumothorax?
A pneumothorax can be caused by:
- Chest injury. Any blunt or penetrating injury to your chest can cause lung collapse.
- Lung disease. Damaged lung tissue is more likely to collapse.
- Ruptured air blisters. Small air blisters (blebs) can develop on the top of the lungs.
- Mechanical ventilation.
What is secondary pneumothorax?
Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP) is a medical emergency where the lung collapses in the presence of underlying chronic lung disease.
How does COPD cause pneumothorax?
Pneumothorax happens when lung tissue damaged by COPD allows air to leak into the space between the lungs and chest (the pleural cavity). Because that air has nowhere to go, it accumulates and builds up pressure between the chest wall and the lungs.
What is the difference between a primary and secondary pneumothorax?
Pneumothorax is divided to primary and secondary. A primary pneumothorax is considered the one that occurs without an apparent cause and in the absence of significant lung disease. On the other hand secondary pneumothorax occurs in the presence of existing lung pathology.
What disease causes pneumothorax?
Lung diseases that may increase the risk of developing pneumothorax include:
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- cystic fibrosis.
- severe asthma.
- lung infections, such as tuberculosis and certain forms of pneumonia.
- sarcoidosis.
- thoracic endometriosis.
- pulmonary fibrosis.
- lung cancer and sarcomas involving the lungs.
What are the causes of spontaneous pneumothorax?
In most cases of spontaneous pneumothorax, the cause is unknown. Tall and thin adolescent males are typically at greatest risk, but females can also have this condition. Other risk factors include connective tissue disorders, smoking, and activities such as scuba diving, high altitudes and flying.
Is collapsed lung common in COPD?
Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax: Several lung diseases may cause a collapsed lung. These include chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis and emphysema. Injury-related pneumothorax: Injury to the chest can cause collapsed lung.
