What is the mode of transmission for Streptococcus pneumoniae?
What is the mode of transmission for Streptococcus pneumoniae?
The main way people spread Streptococcus pneumoniae to others is through direct contact with respiratory droplets. The bacteria often spread within households and in crowded conditions. Pneumococcal infections are more common during the winter and early spring.
What is serotype 19A?
Conclusions: Serotype 19A has become the most common pneumococcal serotype isolated from chronic or recurrent pneumococcal sinusitis in children at Texas Children’s Hospital. Serotype 19A isolates have high rates of antimicrobial resistance and are frequently isolated along with multiple other organisms.
What are the serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae?
The most prevalent serotypes in clinical isolates of S. pneumoniae were 19A (22.2%), 6 (13.8%), and 23F (11.1%), respectively (Table 3). Serotypes 5, 7F, 10, 15, 16, 18C, and 35B were included in multiplex PCR, but were not identified among the isolates.
How many serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae are there?
There are more than 100 distinct serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae. The pneumococcal capsule serves as the target for current highly effective multivalent vaccines against this global pathogen.
What is the portal of entry for Streptococcus pneumoniae?
The upper respiratory tract (URT) is a distinct microbial niche of low-density bacterial communities and, also, a portal of entry for many potential pathogens, including Streptococcus pneumoniae.
What is the portal of entry for pneumonia?
Infection of the lungs frequently follows a pulmonary portal of entry and leads to pneumonia (e.g., Streptococcus pneumoniae). However, other serious pulmonary infections arrive in the lung through the bloodstream (e.g., secondary pneumonic plague).
What is the difference between strain and serotype?
Serotypes are different from strains, which have been described as single isolates from pure cultures or simply as distinct isolates of specific phenotypic/genotypic traits (or both). A serotype if also different from genotype which entails the set of genes (a heritable genetic characteristic) of an organism.
What is the mean of serotype?
Definition of serotype : a group of intimately related microorganisms distinguished by a common set of antigens also : the set of antigens characteristic of such a group.
What determines the different serotypes of Streptococcus?
Each serotype is distinguished based on the chemical composition of and antigenic differences in the capsular polysaccharide. Global surveillance has shown that only a limited number of capsular serotypes cause more than 70–80% of IPD.
How is Streptococcus transmitted?
How are group A streptococci spread? These bacteria are spread by direct contact with nose and throat discharges of an infected individual or with infected skin lesions. The risk of spread is greatest when an individual is ill, such as when people have strep throat or an infected wound.
Can pneumonia be transmitted by kissing?
Yes, certain types of pneumonia are contagious. Pneumonia is caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Some of these germs are transmitted from person to person. However, not everyone will develop pneumonia when exposed to the same germs.
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