Which groups are ortho para directors?

Substituents which lead to this result are called, “ortho-, para- directors”. Examples of ortho-, para– directors are hydroxyl groups, ethers, amines, alkyl groups, thiols, and halogens.

Is COOH ortho para directing?

For example, a carboxylic acid is a meta director because it experiences resonance, a delocalization of electrons. All of the answer choices in this problem have a lone pair of electrons on the point of contact with the benzene ring and they all are ortho/para directors.

Which group is not ortho and para directing?

Due to -I effect −CCl3,−CF3 & −N→−C are not ortho para directing group.

What are 3 directing groups?

1 Answer

  • electron-withdrawing (high EN atoms), e.g. trihalomethyl ( CCl3 , CBr3 , CF3 , etc.)
  • electron-withdrawing (and electron-dense), e.g. carbonyl ( −O∣∣C−R , where R could be alkyl, −Cl , −OH , −OR , etc.), nitro ( −NO2 ), nitrosyl ( −NO ), cyano/nitrile ( −CN ), hydroxysulfonyl ( −SO3H ), etc.

What are ortho directing groups give example?

In some cases, the substituent which direct the incoming groups to ortho and para positions and hence these groups are called ortho-para directing groups. For example, if Aniline and Cl are the reactants, then (-NH2) group present on the aromatic ring directs incoming –Cl group to ortho and para positions of the ring.

Are halogens ortho para directors?

Halogens are an interesting hybrid case. They are ortho, para directors, but deactivators. Overall, they remove electron density from the ring, making it less reactive. However, due to their resonance donation to the ring, if it does react, it reacts primarily at ortho and para positions.

Is nh2 ortho para directing?

The NH2 group in aniline is ortho and para guiding group because due to resonance, they will release electrons to the ring and at the same time remove the electrons towards themselves due to +1 impact from the aromatic ring.

Why is ch3 ortho para directing?

IN CASE OF TOLUENE the methyl group attached to the ring, increases the electron density at ortho and para positions by resonance without changing anything at the meta position. Thus the attacking reagent directly attacks at the electron rich site , thus the methyl group is ortho directing.

Why methyl group is ortho and para directing?

Why nh2 are ortho and para director?

What are ortho para directing groups Class 11?

Why are ortho para directing groups?

Activating groups serve as ortho‐para directors when they are attached to a benzene ring, meaning that they direct an incoming electrophile to the ortho or para positions. An atom or group that makes the benzene molecule less reactive by removing electron density from the ring acts as a deactivating group.

What is the difference between ortho and para directing groups?

Ortho, para directing groups are electron-donating groups; meta directing groups are electron-withdrawing groups. The halide ions, which are electron-withdrawing but ortho, para directing, are the exception. Common ortho, para directing groups:

What are ortho and para directing groups in benzene?

Answer Wiki. Ortho, para-directing groups are groups whose presence in the benzene ring activates it for further electrophilic substitution. The second substitution takes place at the ortho and para (2, 4, 6) positions in relation to the first substituent already present in the ring. Examples of such groups are CH3, OH and NH2 .

Is nitro group ortho or para directing?

Thus, the nitro group is a meta directing group. Ortho, para directing groups are electron-donating groups; meta directing groups are electron-withdrawing groups. The halide ions, which are electron-withdrawing but ortho, para directing, are the exception. Common ortho, para directing groups:

Is the methyl group ortho para or meta directing?

Thus, the methyl group is an ortho, para directing group. Thus, the nitro group is a meta directing group. Ortho, para directing groups are electron-donating groups; meta directing groups are electron-withdrawing groups.