What are the 3 main cues we use to localize sounds?

Sound source localization is paramount for comfort of life, determining the position of a sound source in 3 dimensions: azimuth, height and distance. It is based on 3 types of cue: 2 binaural (interaural time difference and interaural level difference) and 1 monaural spectral cue (head-related transfer function).

What are monaural cues?

A monaural cue relies on sounds reaching a single ear to constrain the set of possible sound sources. Several monaural cues are [370]: The pinna is shaped asymmetrically so that incoming sound is distorted in a way that depends on the direction from which it arrives, especially the elevation.

What are the cues for sound localization?

Sound localization plays a critical role in animal survival. Three cues can be used to compute sound direction: interaural timing differences (ITDs), interaural level differences (ILDs) and the direction-dependent spectral filtering by the head and pinnae (spectral cues).

What is the primary monaural localization cue?

Localisation of sound sources In the vertical plane (or elevation), the primary cues are monaural – they are generated by the modification of a sound by the torso, head, and the outer ear of the listener.

What are monaural spectral cues?

Abstract. Research reported during the past few decades has revealed the importance for human sound localization of the so-called “monaural spectral cues.” These cues are the result of the direction-dependent filtering of incoming sound waves accomplished by the pinnae.

What is the purpose of monaural and binaural cues?

In terms of sound localization, both monaural and binaural cues are used to locate where sounds originate in our environment. Individuals can be born deaf, or they can develop deafness as a result of age, genetic predisposition, and/or environmental causes.

What are the two different cues that the auditory system uses for determining the location source of a sound and how are they used to do so?

The auditory system uses several cues for sound source localization, including time difference and level difference (or intensity difference) between the ears, and spectral information.

What is the ILD sound?

Interaural intensity difference (IID) or interaural level difference (ILD) – Sound from the right side has a higher level at the right ear than at the left ear, because the head shadows the left ear. These level differences are highly frequency dependent and they increase with increasing frequency.