What is considered bradycardia in an infant?

For the purpose of this topic review, we define bradycardia as a heart rate measured in the awake state that is below the normal range for age (ie, <100 beats per minute [bpm] for infants, <80 bpm for toddlers and young children, <70 for school age children, and <60 for adolescents).

What are the first symptoms of bradycardia?

A slower than typical heartbeat (bradycardia) can prevent the brain and other organs from getting enough oxygen, possibly causing these signs and symptoms:

  • Chest pain.
  • Confusion or memory problems.
  • Dizziness or lightheadedness.
  • Easily tiring during physical activity.
  • Fatigue.
  • Fainting (syncope) or near-fainting.

What causes pediatric bradycardia?

Secondary sinus bradycardia is caused by something outside of the heart. This is seen most commonly in infants and babies, especially premature babies. Problems such as gastroesophageal reflux, apnea, or immature breathing control can stimulate a large nerve called the vagus nerve.

How is bradycardia treated in newborns?

The treatment of neonatal bradycardia starts by evaluating the airway. The airway should be open and the neonate should be spontaneously ventilating. If they have any evidence of labored breathing or if their heart rate is less than 100 bpm, positive pressure ventilation should be provided.

How is bradycardia treated in infants?

Is bradycardia common in children?

Abnormal sinus bradycardia is fairly uncommon in children and seem most commonly following heart surgery. It can also be seen as a secondary problem in infants, especially premature babies. Other causes of bradycardia include certain forms of AV block.

What is the most likely cause of bradycardia in a six month old infant?

Symptomatic bradycardia in infants and children is usually the result of progressive respiratory failure or shock which leads to tissue hypoxia and the resulting bradycardia.