How do you make benzocaine from p-aminobenzoic acid?

Synthesis of benzocaine: Into a 100 ml flask, mix 1.25 g of p-aminobenzoic acid hydrochloride, 10 ml of EtOH, and 0.5 ml H2SO4 (conc.). Heat the mixture at reflux for 2 h. After cooling the mixture, neutralize with an aqueous sodium carbonate solution (10%).

Why does p-aminobenzoic acid precipitate when h2so4 is added?

The reason PABA precipitate initially is that the presence of H+ increases the self association among the ethanol molecules forcing the PABA out of the solution.

Why does benzocaine precipitate when it is neutralized?

Explain why benzocaine precipitates during the neutralization. With the addition of an acid, the amine group on the benzocaine will become protonated. The protonation creates a positive charge on the benzocaine molecule. Because of this, benzocaine will become soluble in a polar solvent.

How is benzocaine prepared?

Benzocaine can be prepared by esterification using 4-aminobenzoic acid and ethanol. It can also be prepared by reduction of ethyl 4-nitrobenzoate to the amine. In industrial practice, the reducing agent is usually iron and water in the presence of a little acid.

How do you purify benzocaine?

Purifying the Benzocaine. a) Add a few mL of hot ethanol and heat the mixture on the steam bath until all the oil dissolves. b) Add water (drop wise!) to the alcohol solution until cloudiness just appears and then add a few drops of ethanol. Cool the mixture, with occasional VIGOROUS swirling, in an ice bath.

How is Novocaine synthesized?

Procaine, the 2-diethylaminoethyl ester of 4-aminobenzoic acid (2.1. 1), better known as novocaine, is synthesized in two ways. The first way consists of the direct reaction of the 4-aminobenzoic acid ethyl ester with 2-diethylaminoethanol in the presence of sodium ethoxide.

How is benzocaine synthesized industrially from P nitrobenzoic acid?

In step 1 common reduction of aromatic para-nitrobenzoic acid by tin and hydrochloric acid to para-aminobenzoic acid and in step 2 esterification of para-aminobenzoic acid by sulphuric acid and ethanol to benzocaine occurring called Fischer esterification.

How do you purify Benzocaine?

What is benzocaine derived?

Benzocaine is a chemical compound derived from para-aminobenzoic acid and ethanol.

Is benzocaine an acid or base?

LOCAL ANESTHESIA Benzocaine is a benzoic acid derivative that as a secondary amine, is the only commercially available LA that is not a tertiary amine.

What is benzocaine made of?

Benzocaine is a chemical compound derived from para-aminobenzoic acid and ethanol. It is a white, odorless, crystalline powder.

What is Novocaine derived?

Novocaine, which dentists use, has a name derived from a combination of “novo,” for new, and the ending of cocaine. Also called procaine, it is chemically quite unrelated to cocaine and relatively easy to make – the first synthesis was in 1898.