What is the role of lipoxygenase?

Lipoxygenases (LOXs) catalyze the oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids such as arachidonic acid and linoleic acid [1,2].

What are lipid hydroperoxides?

Lipid hydroperoxides (LOOHs) are prominent non-radical intermediates of lipid peroxidation whose identification can often provide valuable mechanistic information, e.g., whether a primary reaction is mediated by singlet oxygen or oxyradicals.

Where are Lipoxygenases found?

Lipoxygenases are found in eukaryotes (plants, fungi, animals, protists); while the third domain of terrestrial life, the archaea, possesses proteins with a slight (~20%) amino acid sequence similarity to lipoxygenases, these proteins lack iron-binding residues and therefore are not projected to possess lipoxygenase …

Why is lipid peroxidation important?

Lipid peroxidation-derived aldehydes play a major role in human health and disease as they act as important signaling intermediates in modulating cellular physiological function via regulating various transcription factors (Fig. 32.6).

What causes malondialdehyde?

Malondialdehyde. MDA is generated by the peroxidation of membrane polyunsaturated fatty acids (Esterbauer et al., 1991). MDA is also produced in the process of prostaglandin synthesis (Marnett, 2002).

What reactions are catalysed by lipoxygenases?

Lipoxygenases. Lipoxygenases (LOX, EC 1.13. 11.12) catalyse oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which contain cis, cis-1,4-pentadiene structures (for example linoleic, linolenic and arachidonic acid).

Is lipid peroxidation good or bad?

Enhanced formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leads to tissue dysfunction and damage in a number of pathological conditions. ROS oxidize the lipids to generate peroxides and aldehydes.

How do you reduce lipid peroxidation?

Increased consumption of fruits and vegetables may protect against free radical–mediated lipid peroxidation by providing dietary sources of antioxidants such as carotenoids and flavenoids.