What is 28S rRNA gene?

28S ribosomal RNA is the structural ribosomal RNA (rRNA) for the large subunit (LSU) of eukaryotic cytoplasmic ribosomes, and thus one of the basic components of all eukaryotic cells.

What is function of 28S rRNA?

The enzyme RNA polymerase interacts with proteins to allow it to function in catalyzation of the synthesis of RNA. 28S ribosomal RNA is the structural ribosomal RNA (rRNA) for the large constituent, or large subunit of eukaryotic cytoplasmic ribosomes, and thus one of the basic components of all eukaryotic cells.

Is 28S a mitochondrial gene?

Mature mammalian 55S mitochondrial ribosomes consist of a small (28S) and a large (39S) subunit.

What is the 16S rRNA gene used for?

16S rRNA gene sequencing is commonly used for identification, classification and quantitation of microbes within complex biological mixtures such as environmental samples (ex marine water) and gut samples (ex human gut microbiome).

What is 28S 18S and 5.8S rRNA?

The genes for 18S, 5.8S, and 28S rRNA form a single transcription unit that is transcribed by RNA polymerase I to give a single large RNA (45S pre-rRNA). The extra eukaryotic 5.8S rRNA, which is absent in prokaryotes, lies between the 18S and the 28S rRNA.

Why is the 16S rRNA gene a good target for sequencing?

The 16S rRNA gene is used for phylogenetic studies as it is highly conserved between different species of bacteria and archaea. It is suggested that 16S rRNA gene can be used as a reliable molecular clock because 16S rRNA sequences from distantly related bacterial lineages are shown to have similar functionalities.

Is 28S rRNA a ribozyme?

The protein- making ribosomes of cells are essentially giant ribozymes. The 23S rRNA of the prokaryotic ribosome and the 28S rRNA of the eukaryotic ribosome catalyze the formation of peptide bonds. Ribozymes are also important in our understanding of the evolution of life on Earth.

Why 16S rRNA sequencing is used to identify a bacteria?

Because of the complexity of DNA–DNA hybridization, 16S rRNA gene sequencing is used as a tool to identify bacteria at the species level and assist with differentiating between closely related bacterial species [8]. Many clinical laboratories rely on this method to identify unknown pathogenic strains [19].