What is solid phase microextraction used for?

Solid phase extraction (SPE) is a technique used for rapid, selective sample preparation and purification prior to chromatographic analysis (e.g. HPLC, GC, TLC). SPE is used to exchange sample matrices, concentrate analytes, and remove interferences and contaminants to improve data and protect the analytical column.

What is headspace solid phase microextraction HS SPME?

Headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) is a versatile technique for sample preparation and analysis, which offers several advantages such as high sensitivity, good reproducibility, and a simple, quick, solvent-free preparation [12,13].

What is liquid phase microextraction?

Liquid-phase microextraction is a miniaturized form of traditional liquid–liquid extraction in which the extracting organic phase is limited to a few microliters for extraction of target analytes.

What is SPE and SPME?

Solid phase extraction (SPE) and solid phase microextraction (SPME) are among the most significant sample clean-up and pretreatment techniques, which have attracted a considerable interest in the pre-concentration and determination of a wide variety of analytes in biological, pharmaceutical, environmental, industrial …

What is solid phase microextraction sampling?

SPME is a sampling technique based on absorption developed by Arthur and Pawliszyn. With SPME, the analytes are absorbed from the liquid or gaseous sample on to an absorbent coated fused silica fibre, which is part of the syringe needle, for a fixed time.

What is direct immersion?

The second method is direct immersion (DI-SPME), in which the fiber is directly immersed in a small volume of the liquid-extracted sample [5,6,7].

What is microextraction method?

Microextraction is defined as an extraction technique where the volume of the extracting phase is very small in relation to the volume of the sample, and extraction of analytes is not exhaustive.

How does headspace SPME work?

In headspace SPME, the fibre is exposed to the air above an aqueous sample, which is in equilibrium with the aqueous phase. For this approach to be useful the analytes of interest must partition favourably into the vapour phase. Therefore, the approach is useful for volatile organic compounds in aqueous samples.

What is the advantage of performing dynamic LPME?

Dynamic LPME This technique can be used for both SDME and HF-LPME. Dynamic LPME improves extraction rate compared with static solvent microextraction but the apparatus can be more complex.

Is GC quantitative or qualitative?

Gas chromatography (GC) can be used for both qualitative and quantitative analyses.

What is the downside of headspace analysis?

The main disadvantage of SHA is that it is limited to products that contain appreciable levels of highly volatile ‘headspace’ components.

What is quantitative analysis in GC?

Quantitative Analysis. In a GC chromatogram, the size and area of the component peak are proportional to the amount of the component reaching the detector. Here, we describe a quantitative analysis investigating the concentration of component A in an unknown sample.