What is a Frankfort horizontal plane?

: a plane used in craniometry that is determined the highest point on the upper margin of the opening of each external auditory canal and the low point on the lower margin of the left orbit and that is used to orient a human skull or head usually so that the plane is horizontal.

Why are Frankfort planes horizontal?

In profile view, a plane connecting the highest point of the opening of the external auditory canal with the lowest point on the lower margin of the orbit, used to orient a human skull or head so that the plane is horizontal.

What is Frankfort mandibular plane?

The Frankfort-mandibular plane angle (FMA) is formed by the intersection of the Frankfort horizontal plane and the mandibular plane. This angle can be traced and measured by means of a diagnostic overlay. An FMA of 25 +/- 5 degrees is within normal range.

What is maxillary plane?

Maxillary plane = a plane running through ANS and PNS; mandibular plane = a plane running through points Me and Go; E plane = a plane running through points Pn and Pog’. Source publication. Skeletal, dentoalveolar, and soft tissue cephalometric measurements of Malay transfusion-dependent thalassemia patients.

What is an horizontal plane used for?

aka transverse plane, a horizontal plane divides the brain into a superior and inferior portion. It is created by slicing the brain perpendicular to the long axis of the body, and thus parallel to the floor in a person that is upright.

What is Frankfort line?

The formal definition of the Frankfort horizontal plane is a line extending from the most inferior point of the orbital margin to the left tragion. The tragion is the deepest point in the notch superior to the tragus of the auricle.

What is the Frankfort plane used for?

The Frankfort plane was employed for orientation of the patient and was chosen as the best anatomic indicator of the true horizontal line. It is also closely related to the natural head position (NHP) (3, 4).

What is the Frankfurt line?

a line approximating the base of the cranium, passing from the infraorbital ridge to the midline of the occiput, intersecting the superior margin of the external auditory meatus; the cranium is in the anatomic position when the base line lies in the horizontal plane and right and left sides are level. 2.

What is SNB angle?

SNB: the angle between the sella/nasion plane and nasion/B plane (normal value at the end of growth 80 ± 2°). This angle assesses the antero-posterior position of the mandible relative to the upper cranial structures.

What is Fox plane?

Simple to use. Time saving—fox plane only checks parallelism but this instrument marks parallel line on the occlusal rim reducing number of adjustments required, thus reduces operator’s manual work. Less chances of human error. Can be used in patients with facial deformity, absence of an eye and an ear.

What is Camper’s plane?

Camper plane – a plane running from the tip of the anterior nasal spine (acanthion) to the center of the bony external auditory meatus on the right and left sides.

What is horizontal flight?

n. A plane crossing the body at right angles to the coronal and sagittal planes. transverse plane.