Does hyponatremia cause psychosis?

Symptoms of hyponatremia can range from increased psychotic symptoms to seizures, coma and even death.

Why do antipsychotics cause hyponatremia?

Like other psychotropic medications, it is suspected that atypical antipsychotics can induce hyponatremia by either stimulating antidiuretic hormone release from the brain or enhancing antidiuretic hormone activity in the kidneys [13].

What are the most common causes of hyponatremia associated with?

Hyponatremia may occur with normal, increased, or decreased extracellular fluid volume. Common causes include diuretic use, diarrhea, heart failure, liver disease, and renal disease. Hyponatremia is potentially life threatening.

Can sodium deficiency cause mental problems?

Mood disorders: Psychogenic polydipsia is linked with psychiatric mood disorders, including depression and bipolar disorder. Early indications of sodium deficiency can mimic psychosis or bipolar disorder, as it can intensify symptoms of psychosis.

Can hyponatremia cause hallucinations?

In severe cases, low sodium can lead to: Decreased consciousness, hallucinations or coma.

What is delusional hyponatremia?

Dilutional hyponatremia occurs when sodium levels fall in the blood, disrupting the regulation and balance of body fluids.

Do all antipsychotics cause hyponatremia?

Hyponatremia affects 4% of patients with schizophrenia,2,3 even without the use of antipsychotic medications, and occurs in 10% of patients with chronic schizophrenia who take antipsychotic medications.

Which drugs can cause hyponatraemia?

drugs causing hyponatraemia

  • indapamide.
  • sertraline.
  • amiloride/hydrochlorothiazide.
  • carbamazepine.
  • furosemide.
  • fluoxetine.

Which combination of symptoms leads to hyponatremia?

The causes of hyponatremia are typically classified by a person’s body fluid status into low volume, normal volume, or high volume. Low volume hyponatremia can occur from diarrhea, vomiting, diuretics, and sweating.

What happens to the brain in hyponatremia?

When hyponatremia occurs, the resulting decrease in plasma osmolality (with the exception of the rare cases of non-hypoosmotic hyponatremia) causes water movement into the brain in response to the osmotic gradient, thus causing cerebral edema [7,8] (Figure 1b).

How does low sodium affect the brain?

In acute hyponatremia, sodium levels drop rapidly — resulting in potentially dangerous effects, such as rapid brain swelling, which can result in a coma and death. Premenopausal women appear to be at the greatest risk of hyponatremia-related brain damage.

Can hyponatremia cause delusions?

These recurrent episodes with agitation, aggression, delusions, hallucinations, sometimes–disorientation and memory loss; appearing simultaneously with hyponatremia (Na in blood 104-118 mEq/L); were classified as organic delusional disturbances, and (in case of disorientation and memory loss) as delirium (F06.