What is the virulence factor of Shigella?

Ipa proteins are the important virulence factors in Shigella. IpaA structure has three vinculin binding sites (VBSs) that can activate vinculin by the binding to the vinculin head domain (Park et al., 2011). Vinculin is the adaptor protein involved in the stability of focal adhesions.

What is the pathogenesis of Shigella?

The pathogenic mechanism of shigellosis is complex, involving a possible enterotoxic and/or cytotoxic diarrheal prodrome, cytokine-mediated inflammation of the colon, and necrosis of the colonic epithelium.

How do the virulence factors of Shigella work together to cause disease?

Secondly, Shigella injects virulence effectors into epithelial cells via its Type III Secretion System to subvert the host cell structure and function. This allows invasion of epithelial cells, establishing a replicative niche, and causes erratic destruction of the colonic epithelium.

What is Mycobacterium virulence?

Virulence, is referred as the ability of a pathogen to cause disease, and for mycobacteria it depends on their ability to reside within host cells and evade the microbicidal mechanisms of macrophages.

What are virulence factors in bacteria?

Virulence factors are the molecules that assist the bacterium colonize the host at the cellular level. These factors are either secretory, membrane associated or cytosolic in nature. The cytosolic factors facilitate the bacterium to undergo quick adaptive—metabolic, physiological and morphological shifts.

What are examples of virulence factors?

Factors that are produced by a microorganism and evoke disease are called virulence factors. Examples are toxins, surface coats that inhibit phagocytosis, and surface receptors that bind to host cells.

How do Fibrinolysins enhance a pathogens virulence?

How do fibrinolysins enhance a pathogen’s virulence? They break down fibrin proteins that are involved in clot formation, allowing the cells to penetrate deep into damaged skin.

How does Shigella affect the body?

The Shigella bacteria pass through your stomach and then multiply in your small intestines. They then spread into your large intestines (also known as colon), causing cramping in that part of your body, along with diarrhea.